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Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Written By Kontak Perkasa Futures on Monday, June 24, 2013 | 11:51 AM

Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta adalah Daerah Istimewa setingkat provinsi di Indonesia yang merupakan peleburan Negara Kesultanan Yogyakarta dan Negara Kadipaten Paku Alaman. Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta yang terletak di bagian selatan Pulau Jawa bagian tengah dan berbatasan dengan Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan Samudera Hindia. Daerah Istimewa yang memiliki luas 3.185,80 km2 ini terdiri atas satu kota dan empat kabupaten, yang terbagi lagi menjadi 78 kecamatan dan 438 desa/kelurahan. Menurut sensus penduduk 2010 memiliki jumlah penduduk 3.452.390 jiwa dengan proporsi 1.705.404 laki-laki dan 1.746.986 perempuan, serta memiliki kepadatan penduduk sebesar 1.084 jiwa per km2.

Penyebutan nomenklatur Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta yang terlalu panjang menyebabkan sering terjadinya penyingkatan nomenkaltur menjadi DI Yogyakarta atau DIY. Daerah Istimewa ini sering diidentikkan dengan Kota Yogyakarta sehingga secara kurang tepat disebut dengan Jogja, Yogya, Yogyakarta, Jogjakarta. Walaupun memiliki luas terkecil ke dua setelah Provinsi DKI Jakarta, Daerah Istimewa ini terkenal di tingkat nasional dan internasional. Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta menjadi tempat tujuan wisata andalan setelah Provinsi Bali. Selain itu Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta menjadi daerah terparah akibat bencana gempa pada tanggal 27 Mei 2006 dan erupsi Gunung Merapi pada medio Oktober-November 2010.

SEJARAH
Keraton Yogyakarta

Sebelum Indonesia merdeka, Yogyakarta merupakan daerah yang mempunyai pemerintahan sendiri atau disebut Zelfbestuurlandschappen/Daerah Swapraja, yaitu Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat dan Kadipaten Pakualaman. Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat didirikan oleh Pangeran Mangkubumi yang bergelar Sultan Hamengku Buwono I pada tahun 1755, sedangkan Kadipaten Pakualaman didirikan oleh Pangeran Notokusumo (saudara Sultan Hamengku Buwono II) yang bergelar Adipati Paku Alam I pada tahun 1813. Pemerintah Hindia Belanda mengakui Kasultanan dan Pakualaman sebagai kerajaan dengan hak mengatur rumah tangganya sendiri yang dinyatakan dalam kontrak politik. Kontrak politik yang terakhir Kasultanan tercantum dalam Staatsblaad 1941 Nomor 47, sedangkan kontrak politik Pakualaman dalam Staatsblaad 1941 Nomor 577. Eksistensi kedua kerajaan tersebut telah mendapat pengakuan dari dunia internasional, baik pada masa penjajahan Belanda, Inggris, maupun Jepang. Ketika Jepang meninggalkan Indonesia, kedua kerajaan tersebut telah siap menjadi sebuah negara sendiri yang merdeka, lengkap dengan sistem pemerintahannya (susunan asli), wilayah dan penduduknya.

Setelah Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia (RI), Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono IX dan Sri Paku Alam VIII menyatakan kepada Presiden RI, bahwa Daerah Kasultanan Yogyakarta dan Daerah Pakualaman menjadi wilayah Negara RI, bergabung menjadi satu kesatuan yang dinyatakan sebagai Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono IX dan Sri Paku Alam VIII sebagai Kepala Daerah dan Wakil Kepala Daerah bertanggung jawab langsung kepada Presiden RI. Hal tersebut dinyatakan dalam:

1.  Piagam kedudukan Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono IX dan Sri Paku Alam VIII tertanggal 19 Agustus 1945 dari Presiden RI.
2.  Amanat Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono IX dan Sri Paku Alam VIII tertanggal 5 September 1945 (dibuat secara terpisah).
3.  Amanat Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX dan Sri Paku Alam VIII tertanggal 30 Oktober 1945 (dibuat dalam satu naskah).

Dalam perjalanan sejarah selanjutnya kedudukan DIY sebagai Daerah Otonom setingkat Provinsi sesuai dengan maksud pasal 18 Undang-undang Dasar 1945 (sebelum perubahan) diatur dengan Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1948 tentang Undang-undang Pokok Pemerintahan Daerah. Sebagai tindak lanjutnya kemudian Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dibentuk dengan Undang-undang Nomor 3 Tahun 1950 tentang Pembentukan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 31 Tahun 1950 sebagaimana telah diubah dan ditambah terakhir dengan Undang-undang Nomor 9 Tahun 1955 (Lembaran Negara Tahun 1959 Nomor 71, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Nomor 1819) yang sampai saat ini masih berlaku. Dalam undang-undang tersebut dinyatakan DIY meliputi Daerah Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat dan Daerah Kadipaten Pakualaman. Pada setiap undang-undang yang mengatur Pemerintahan Daerah, dinyatakan keistimewaan DIY tetap diakui, sebagaimana dinyatakan terakhir dalam Undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004.

Dalam sejarah perjuangan mempertahankan kemerdekaan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI), DIY mempunyai peranan yang penting. Terbukti pada tanggal 4 Januari 1946 sampai dengan tanggal 27 Desember 1949[8] pernah dijadikan sebagai Ibukota Negara Republik Indonesia. Tanggal 4 Januari inilah yang kemudian ditetapkan menjadi hari Yogyakarta Kota Republik pada tahun 2010. Pada saat ini Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat dipimpin oleh Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono X dan Kadipaten Pakualaman dipimpin oleh Sri Paku Alam IX, yang sekaligus menjabat sebagai Gubernur dan Wakil Gubernur DIY. Keduanya memainkan peran yang menentukan dalam memelihara nilai-nilai budaya dan adat istiadat Jawa dan merupakan pemersatu masyarakat Yogyakarta.
Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono X

GEOGRAFI
DIY terletak di bagian tengah-selatan Pulau Jawa, secara geografis terletak pada 7o3’-8o12’ Lintang Selatan dan 110o00’-110o50’ Bujur Timur. Berdasarkan bentang alam, wilayah DIY dapat dikelompokkan menjadi empat satuan fisiografi, yaitu satuan fisiografi Gunungapi Merapi, satuan fisiografi Pegunungan Selatan atau Pegunungan Seribu, satuan fisiografi Pegunungan Kulon Progo, dan satuan fisiografi Dataran Rendah.

Satuan fisiografi Gunungapi Merapi, yang terbentang mulai dari kerucut gunung api hingga dataran fluvial gunung api termasuk juga bentang lahan vulkanik, meliputi Sleman, Kota Yogyakarta dan sebagian Bantul. Daerah kerucut dan lereng gunung api merupakan daerah hutan lindung sebagai kawasan resapan air daerah bawahan. Satuan bentang alam ini terletak di Sleman bagian utara. Gunung Merapi yang merupakan gunungapi aktif dengan karakteristik khusus, mempunyai daya tarik sebagai objek penelitian, pendidikan, dan pariwisata.

source:
http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daerah_Istimewa_Yogyakarta
Written by: Kontak Perkasa Futures
PT.Kontak Perkasa Futures, Updated at: 11:51 AM

WTI Trades Near Two-Week Low on Concern China Recovery May Slow


Bloomberg (24/6) - West Texas Intermediate traded near the lowest price in more than two weeks on speculation China’s economic recovery may be threatened by cash constraints. A measure of crude’s technical momentum faltered.

WTI for August delivery was at $93.48 a barrel, down 21 cents, in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange at 1:13 p.m. Sydney time. The volume of all futures traded was 12 percent above the 100-day average. The contract declined $1.45, or 1.5 percent, to $93.69 on June 21, the lowest close since June 4.

Brent for August settlement was down 40 cents at $100.51 a barrel on the London-based ICE Futures Europe exchange. The European benchmark grade was at a premium of $7.03 to WTI futures. The closing spread was $7.22 on June 21.
Written by: Kontak Perkasa Futures
PT.Kontak Perkasa Futures, Updated at: 10:56 AM

China Money Rates Tumble for Second Day on Targeted PBOC Easing


Bloomberg (24/6) - China’s benchmark money-market rates tumbled for a second day, extending a retreat from record highs, on signs targeted injections of funds are being used to ease a cash crunch that threatens to worsen an economic slowdown.

Interbank loans were recorded in the final hour of trading on both June 20 and 21 at below-market rates, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.

The People’s Bank of China said the nation should “appropriately fine-tune” its policies, according to a statement yesterday that summarized the monetary policy committee’s second-quarter meeting in Beijing.

The monetary authority gauged demand for sales of repurchase agreements and reverse repo contracts this morning, according to a trader at a primary dealer required to bid at the auctions.
Written by: Kontak Perkasa Futures
PT.Kontak Perkasa Futures, Updated at: 10:39 AM

Dollar Climbs to 2-Week High Versus Yen on Fed Tapering Outlook


Bloomberg (24/6) - The dollar rose to a two-week high versus the yen before data that may add to the case for the Federal Reserve to pare back bond purchases.

The U.S. currency strengthened ahead of reports tomorrow that will probably show orders for durable goods grew and house prices continued to recover. Fed Bank of Dallas President Richard Fisher will speak on monetary policy in London today.

The yen slumped against most major peers as Japan’s ruling coalition won a majority in Tokyo elections, signaling support for Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. Declines in the euro were tempered before the release of a German sentiment survey.

The greenback rose 0.7 percent to 98.61 yen as of 11:52 a.m. in Tokyo, the highest level since June 11. It gained 3.8 percent last week, the biggest jump since the five days ended Dec. 4, 2009. The U.S. currency added 0.2 percent to $1.3093 per euro, gaining for a fourth day, after earlier touching $1.3087, the most since June 6. The yen declined 0.5 percent to 129.07 per euro.

The Dollar Index, which Intercontinental Exchange Inc. uses to monitor the greenback against the currencies of six U.S. trade partners, rose 0.4 percent to 82.664 and reached 82.686 earlier, the highest level since June 5.
Written by: Kontak Perkasa Futures
PT.Kontak Perkasa Futures, Updated at: 10:30 AM

Gold inches up after biggest weekly fall in two years


Reuters, (24/6) -- Gold edged higher on Monday after a tumultuous week that saw prices drop the most in nearly two years on fears of an early end to the Federal Reserve's bond purchases and a cash crunch in China.

Spot gold gained 0.07 percent to $1,297.66 an ounce by 0018 GMT. It rose over 1 percent on Friday but recorded its worst weekly performance - down 7 percent - since September 2011.

Comex gold rose about $5 to $1,297.30.

Markets were roiled last week after Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke laid out a strategy for the U.S. central bank to start scaling back its $85 billion monthly bond buying program.

St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank President James Bullard on Friday said neither the central bank's own economic growth forecasts nor its expectations for continued weak inflation supported a decision to dial back bond purchases.

China's central bank faced down the country's cash-hungry banks on Friday, letting interest rates again spike to extraordinary levels of some 25 percent for some banks as it stepped up the pressure to contain rampant informal lending.

Hedge funds and money managers slashed their bullish bets in gold futures and options for a second consecutive week to the lowest level in a month, a report by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission showed on Friday.

SPDR Gold Trust, the world's largest gold-backed exchange-traded fund, said its holdings fell 0.54 percent to 989.94 tonnes on Friday.
Written by: Kontak Perkasa Futures
PT.Kontak Perkasa Futures, Updated at: 10:28 AM

Gold Trade Most Bearish Since ’10 as Fed Spurs Drop: Commodities

Written By Kontak Perkasa Futures on Friday, June 21, 2013 | 10:54 AM

Bloomberg ~ Gold traders are the most bearish in 3 1/2 years after prices fell to the lowest since 2010 following Federal Reserve Chairman Ben S. Bernanke’s comments that the central bank may start curbing stimulus.

Fifteen analysts surveyed by Bloomberg expect prices to fall next week, with six bullish and five neutral, the largest proportion of bears since January 2010. The metal slumped below $1,300 an ounce for the first time since September 2010 yesterday. Investors sold 520.7 metric tons valued at about $21.7 billion from exchange-traded products this year.
 
Gold as much as doubled since 2008 as quantitative easing swelled the Fed’s balance sheet to a record $3.41 trillion. Bernanke said June 19 the central bank may start reducing the $85 billion in monthly debt buying this year and end the program in 2014. Bullion is heading for its first annual drop since 2000 after some investors lost faith in the metal as a store of value.

“The comments by the Fed are really the last signal for the soft hands that the bull market in gold is ending,” said Frederique Dubrion, the Geneva-based president and chief investment officer of Blue Star Advisors SA, which manages metals and energy assets. “One of the appeals of gold, especially since 2008, was because of quantitative easing. That they are going to slow down the pace of purchasing is not a good signal for gold.”

source: http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-06-20/gold-trade-most-bearish-since-10-as-fed-spurs-drop-commodities.html
Written by: Kontak Perkasa Futures
PT.Kontak Perkasa Futures, Updated at: 10:54 AM

Hong Kong Stocks Head for Longest Weekly Loss Streak Since 2008



Bloomberg, (21/6) - Hong Kong stocks fell a fourth day, heading for the longest weekly losing streak in 4 1/2 years, amid concern a worsening credit crunch for Chinese banks and a stalling recovery in the world’s second-largest economy will hamper earnings.

The Hang Seng Index dropped 1.9 percent to 20,003.57 as of 9:45 a.m. in Hong Kong, extending this week’s slide to 4.6 percent. The equity benchmark is heading for a sixth week of declines, the longest such losing streak since October 2008. All but one of the 50 companies on the index fell, with volume 50 percent above the 30-day intraday average. The Hang Seng China Enterprises Index lost 2.2 percent to 9,058.63.

“We see a lack of recovery momentum in China,” Tai Hui, Hong-Kong based chief market strategist for Asia at JPMorgan Asset Management, which oversees about $1.5 trillion globally, said in a Bloomberg TV interview. “What’s happening in China with the data as well as the liquidity squeeze have added to uncertainty. The government and central bank are willing to let the economy go through some pain.” (riko)
Written by: Kontak Perkasa Futures
PT.Kontak Perkasa Futures, Updated at: 10:38 AM
 
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